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in mission-critical systems like aerospace and industrial automation. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Time Triggered Protocol Introduction Different Protocol Classes Comparison of the two Variants [...] and extreme fault tolerance are not essential. Comparison of the two Variants Speed and Cost TTP/C supports high-speed communication and is optimized for safety-critical applications with high performance [...] on to ensure seamless communication and fault tolerance. Configuration Flexibility The protocol supports various configurations, including different cluster cycles and balance nodes. Safety and Cost Efficiency
simultaneously, optimizing bandwidth usage and reducing network congestion. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Multicast Introduction Characteristics Comparison with other Methods Multicast in Industrial [...] ly beneficial in protocols like PROFINET, EtherNet/IP, and EtherCAT, where multicast is used to support time-critical communication, such as cyclic data updates or event notifications. For example, in [...] control in robotics or energy systems. Furthermore, multicast's ability to enable group communication supports features like redundancy protocols and diagnostics, enhancing fault tolerance and system visibility
data transfer, improving efficiency in automation and embedded systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary SQI Flash What is an SQI Flash Key Features and Applications Comparison between SQI Flash [...] fieldbus or industrial ethernet networks, SQI Flash offers robust and fast data storage solutions. It supports quick read and write operations, which is vital for real-time data logging and decision-making processes [...] technologies work and how we make machine data accessible for you with our IIoT platform netFIELD. More Support for your projects Are you looking for an integration partner for your industrial communication project
between the device and other systems, stored in non-volatile memory. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Firmware Firmware in industrial environments Communication protocol firmware Advantages [...] devices to switch communication standards by merely reloading the necessary firmware. This flexibility supports various protocols, including commonly used ones like Ethernet/IP , Profibus , Modbus , and OPC Unified [...] protocols with just a single piece of hardware—and all that with only a single software update. More Support for your projects Are you looking for an integration partner for your industrial communication project
transmission or storage, ensuring accurate data transfer in digital systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Introduction CRCs in Industrial Communication Advantages [...] technologies work and how we make machine data accessible for you with our IIoT platform netFIELD. More Support for your projects Are you looking for an integration partner for your industrial communication project [...] multi-protocol capable netX chips to IIoT applications - our network of partner companies offers you the support you need! More Customer Center / Sales Hilscher Gesellschaft für Systemautomation mbH You've got
collection but potentially increasing latency in industrial networks. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Polling Evolution of Polling Polling Mechanism Polling Variants in Industrial Communication [...] intervals. Devices alert the controller when they have significant data to report, often using interrupts or status flags, thus ensuring prompt responses to critical changes]. Asynchronous Polling operates [...] technologies work and how we make machine data accessible for you with our IIoT platform netFIELD. More Support for your projects Are you looking for an integration partner for your industrial communication project
s to expand your knowledge and better understand complex topics. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Glossary Insights into the language of automation Here, you will find a comprehensive collection [...] Welcome to the Hilscher Glossary! Here you will find concise explanations of terms, technologies, and solutions related to industrial communication and automation. Discover key concepts, terminology and [...] and our innovative solutions. Whether you're a seasoned professional or new to the field, this glossary serves as a valuable resource to enhance your understanding of key concepts and terminology. Acyclic
efficient and reliable data exchange between devices in automation systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary CANopen Introduction to CANopen Essential Principles of CANopen Communication Elements [...] data per CAN frame, streamlining information exchange without protocol overhead. Service Data Objects (SDOs) Service Data Objects (SDOs) are vital for configuring and managing devices in CANopen networks [...] isolate faulty segments to restore normal operations. Dynamic node ID assignment is supported via CANopen Layer Setting Services (LSS), enabling efficient plug-and-play functionality. Unconfigured nodes can
real-time control, monitoring, and communication in automated systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary PC Cards PC cards for industrial automation & communication Form factors of PC cards Advantages [...] devices into automated environments. Their cifX PC card family serves as a unified standard that supports all relevant Real-Time Ethernet and Fieldbus systems for PC-based automation. This technology is [...] Standard IEEE Industrial communication Industrial Ethernet IIoT Industry 4.0 Internet Protocol Interrupt Mechanism INtime Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) IO Device Description (IODD) IO-Link IO-Link
sensors, actuators, and robots for seamless automation and process control. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary I/O System Introduction Technical Features of Industrial I/O Systems Current and Future [...] needs. Central to their offerings are multiprotocol SoCs and Firmware of the netX family, which support various fieldbus and Real-Time Ethernet protocols, ensuring seamless integration and reliable co [...] Standard IEEE Industrial communication Industrial Ethernet IIoT Industry 4.0 Internet Protocol Interrupt Mechanism INtime Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) IO Device Description (IODD) IO-Link IO-Link
exchange, analytics, and automation for improved efficiency and reliability. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) What is the IIoT? Technical features and Functionality [...] enable predictive maintenance, anomaly detection, optimization of industrial processes, and decision support. Cybersecurity Measures Security is a critical aspect of IoT in industrial communication to protect [...] centralized data storage, real-time data analytics, scalable computing resources, and access to advanced services such as machine learning algorithms and predictive maintenance tools. Depending on the specific
bandwidth, reliability, and efficiency compared to traditional copper cables. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Fibre Optics Introduction to Fibre Optics Communication Mechanism Types of Optical Fibres [...] temperature fluctuations, and physical damage. These vulnerabilities could lead to potential interruptions in communication and system downtime, further emphasizing the need for a more robust solution [...] for clearer signal transmission over longer distances without degradation. Moreover, fibre optics supported longer cable segments than copper, enabling Gigabit speeds up to 1km on OM3+ multimode and up to
shaping innovations in telecommunications, computing, and power systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary IEEE Introduction to IEEE Some exemplary standards Advantages of IEEE standards Hilscher's [...] underpin many of today's telecommunications, information technology, and power-generation products and services. The IEEE Standards Association (IEEE SA) is responsible for developing globally recognized standards [...] standard champion wireless connectivity in numerous environments, including industrial settings. It supports a range of applications that benefit from wireless communication, such as asset tracking and remote
model, ensuring efficient communication in IT and industrial networks. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Evolution of SNMP Technical basics Applications [...] dual-layer operation underscores SNMP's role in leveraging both application and transport layer services to perform its critical functions. The versatility of Simple Network Management Protocol extends [...] pivotal for IT professionals monitoring the health of all managed devices and the applications they support. The data gleaned from SNMP monitoring allows for the prompt identification of performance bottlenecks
ility, and efficient communication in industrial automation networks. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary IO Device Description (IODD) Introduction of IODD Technical Features Advantages of IODD [...] devices into various automated systems due to its open standard communications protocol, which is supported globally by industrial automation companies. Its standardized format and adherence to international [...] industrial operations. Technical Features The technical features of IODD are specifically tailored to support the seamless integration, configuration, and interoperability of industrial devices within automation
and reliability in real-time control systems for industrial automation. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Cyclic Data Transmission Introduction Technical features Difference between cyclic & acyclic [...] actualization of process data, which is essential for accurate control and monitoring. Secondly, it supports efficient fault detection and system diagnostics by regularly comparing current data with previous [...] - from communication controllers , embedded modules and PC cards to IO-Link masters - Hilscher supports its customers with both cyclical and acyclical data exchange in production systems. All these components
while reducing interference in analog and digital communication systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Signal Coding Introduction Types of Signal Coding Modulation Techniques Signal Coding in [...] technologies work and how we make machine data accessible for you with our IIoT platform netFIELD. More Support for your projects Are you looking for an integration partner for your industrial communication project [...] multi-protocol capable netX chips to IIoT applications - our network of partner companies offers you the support you need! More Customer Center / Sales Hilscher Gesellschaft für Systemautomation mbH You've got
, accuracy, and coordination across industrial processes and systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Process Automation Introduction Challenges for the Process Automation Industry The Role [...] technologies work and how we make machine data accessible for you with our IIoT platform netFIELD. More Support for your projects Are you looking for an integration partner for your industrial communication project [...] multi-protocol capable netX chips to IIoT applications - our network of partner companies offers you the support you need! More Customer Center / Sales Hilscher Gesellschaft für Systemautomation mbH You've got
interoperability, and seamless integration in automation and control systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary EtherNet/IP Evolution of EtherNet/IP EtherNet/IP basics Deep-dive into implementation aspects [...] networks relies on managed Ethernet switches, renowned for their advanced features like VLAN support, Quality of Service (QoS), and port mirroring, enhancing both performance and security. Compatibility with [...] the definition of data structure, messaging, and services of communication across different network topologies such as star, line, or ring, supporting up to 512 nodes per network. Interoperability: The
interoperability between diverse networking systems and technologies. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary OSI Model Introduction to OSI model The seven layers of the OSI model Impact on industrial [...] computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology. Its goal was to support the emergence of diverse computer networking methods and facilitate interoperability among different [...] previously existed. This hierarchical architecture logically partitions the functions required to support system-to-system communication, making it easier to design and implement complex network architectures
ensuring efficient, reliable, and automated manufacturing processes. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Industrial communication What is Industrial Communication? Evolution of Industrial Com [...] evolved to include advanced data analytics and cloud-based services that are driving the progress of Industry 4.0 . This modernization supports predictive maintenance, reduces costs and increases overall [...] encrypting and compressing as needed. At the top is the Application Layer (Layer 7), providing end-user services such as email, file transfer, and web browsing. Each layer serves a distinct role and communicates
protocols. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Component Object Model (COM) Introduction to Component Object Model (COM) Fundamental concepts COM elements Network support Advantages of Component Object [...] among different systems. Moreover, COM supports distributed computing through Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM), which extends the functionality of COM to support applications communicating across network [...] introduced as a significant extension, providing support for distributed transactions, resource pooling, and event publication and subscription among other services. These features are vital for managing complex
using hardware like wires and fibers alongside communication protocols. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Bus System What is a Bus System? History of Bus Systems Different Types of Busses Data [...] helps in utilization of this technology for tailored needs of the industry. Support for Multiple Protocols Bus systems support almost all popular network protocols, which is crucial for the adaptable i [...] ty as a traditional electrical busbar. In contemporary settings, computer buses have evolved to support both parallel and bit serial data transmission methods. They can be organized in several physical
exchange between digital circuits in industrial and embedded systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary SPI Interface Introduction to SPI Interface Technical Features of SPI Interface Applications [...] all synchronized by the serial clock (SCLK) generated by the master. High Data Transfer Rates They support high data transfer rates, typically ranging from 10 Mbps to several tens of Mbps, making it suitable [...] systems. Daisy-Chaining In addition to the standard configuration with individual SS lines, SPI supports daisy-chaining, where slave devices are connected in series. Data is shifted out of the master into
HMIs, and SCADA systems over serial, Ethernet, or wireless connections. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Modbus Introduction to Modbus protocol Modbus communication models Data architecture and [...] Modbus as an Open Protocol (2004) In 2004, the Modbus Organization, an independent group formed to support the Modbus protocol, declared Modbus as an open protocol, further encouraging its adoption. Continued [...] that allows manufacturers to integrate it into their devices without paying license fees. Modbus supports industrial communication via serial lines, Ethernet and, increasingly, wireless methods, which increases
networking, and accelerators in industrial automation and computing systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary PCI Express Introduction Technical features Benefits of PCIe for industrial use Impact [...] but also supports more efficient and reliable communication protocols such as packet-based transactions, like Industrial Ethernet . Benefits of PCIe for industrial use High Bandwidth PCIe supports high-speed [...] complex tasks and large volumes of data typical in automation systems. PCIe's standardized interface supports various hardware components, including graphics and memory and storage, that are critical to the
and operational processes in automation and critical infrastructure. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Cyber Security Introduction Regulatory Requirements for OT-Security Key Aspects of Cyber [...] order to close gaps in the security offerings of cloud service providers, companies are also increasingly turning to specialized security services from third parties. Threat Intelligence and Malware Analysis [...] system can have severe consequences, including physical damage to equipment, disruption of critical services, environmental disasters, and even loss of life. Cyber criminals are increasingly targeting industrial
embedded system development with reduced complexity and faster deployment. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary System on Module Introduction Benefits of SoMs Applications Differences between SoCs and [...] SoMs support advanced motion control algorithms, sensor fusion techniques and flexibility of robotic systems in manufacturing and logistics operations. Communications and Networking SOM’s support a variety [...] systems that can adapt to the dynamic demands of modern industrial environments. With their ability to support various communication protocols and integrate with PLCs , HMIs SCADA systems, and I/O modules, SoMs
electrical, electronic, and industrial technologies, supporting international compliance and innovation. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary IEC Standard The International Electrotechnical Commission [...] role in ensuring that these technologies are safer, more efficient, and reliable. The IEC directly supports risk and quality management and underpins key international initiatives, including the United Nations' [...] Development Goals. The commission's membership includes countries worldwide, and its activities are supported by various technical committees dedicated to specific areas within electrotechnology. The IEC was
exchange in IoT and industrial automation through a publish/subscribe model. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary MQTT Introduction Clients and Broker Applications of MQTT in Industry Advantages of MQTT [...] architecture not only improves security by supporting SSL/TLS encryption but also ensures reliable message transmission, even in cases of network interruptions, through reconnection and communication r [...] interested subscribers based on topic matching. QoS Level Handling: Manages the different Quality of Service levels for message delivery from publishers to subscribers. Security: Enforces security measures
enabling seamless integration across diverse industrial environments. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary OPC UA Evolution of OPC UA Communication mechanisms and technical features Key Components [...] network services directly to user applications, enabling OPC UA to facilitate communication between clients and servers within industrial systems. By defining its own suite of protocols and services for data [...] representation of complex data structures, incorporation of rich metadata, and provision of tailored support for industry-specific information models. Such advancements enabled a more nuanced representation
efficiency, enabling real-time monitoring, fault detection, and optimization. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Network Management Management of Industrial Communication Networks Different Aspects of [...] distributing network resources to ensure optimal utilization. Scalability: Managing network resources to support growth and expansion without compromising performance. Data Collection and Analysis Data Logging [...] technologies work and how we make machine data accessible for you with our IIoT platform netFIELD. More Support for your projects Are you looking for an integration partner for your industrial communication project
that information is sent and received accurately across diverse networks. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary TCP/IP A Guide to TCP/IP Protocol Fundamentals of TCP/IP Communication Mechanisms TCP/IP [...] estimated at 340 undecillion (3.4 x 10^38) unique addresses. This vast expansion is crucial for supporting the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), where every device requires a unique IP address to [...] protocols like TLS (Transport Layer Security). Furthermore, by utilizing connection-oriented reliable service, no data loss occurs since if a data packet goes missing during transmission, TCP will retransmit
enabling efficient integration and control within computer-based systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary PCI Introduction How is PCI used? Advantages of PCI Impact of PCI on different types of [...] networks as the requirements evolve. Additional PCI cards can be added to accommodate more devices or support additional functionalities, providing flexibility for future upgrades and expansions. This scalability [...] without requiring a complete overhaul of the system. 5. Versatility and flexibility PCI interfaces support a wide range of communication protocols and standards, making them versatile and adaptable to different
connected peers, simplifying network management and topology mapping. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) Introduction to LLDP Variants of LLDP Communication [...] applications. LLDP-MED introduced specialized TLVs to support voice, video, and other media endpoints, addressing specific needs such as Quality of Service (QoS) settings and Power over Ethernet (PoE) capabilities [...] endpoints, such as those used in voice and video communications. This extension supports advanced features like Quality of Service (QoS) and Power over Ethernet (PoE), enhancing the protocol's utility for
that supports a main processor by managing power, I/O operations, memory interfaces, or connectivity, improving performance and efficiency in electronic systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary [...] exchange, and supporting interoperability between devices. These technical features vary depending on the specific companion chip and its intended application. Communication Protocols Support Companion chips [...] This flexibility allows them to support a wide range of industrial automation and communication scenarios. They can adapt to different system requirements and support customization for specific applications
diagnostics, facilitating smarter and more efficient manufacturing processes. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary IO-Link Introduction Technical features Applications of IO-Link Advantages of IO-Link Ecosystem [...] installation and reducing costs. This setup enables the transmission of not only process data but also service and diagnostic information, enhancing device monitoring and maintenance capabilities. The connection [...] integration of IO-Link across various automation industries. Bidirectional communication: IO-Link supports bidirectional communication, allowing not only the control system to send commands to the sensors
sensors, and controllers in industrial automation and embedded systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary UART / Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter Introduction Technical Features Applications [...] for error detection. It can be configured for even or odd parity. Full-Duplex Communication UART supports full-duplex communication, meaning it can transmit and receive data simultaneously. This is achieved [...] resource-constrained industrial environments. Versatility and Widespread Adoption UART is widely supported across various microcontrollers, communication modules, and embedded systems. Its versatility allows
while providing the flexibility of system-on-chip (SoC) alternatives. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) Introduction Overview of Applications Components [...] systems, and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS). They provide the necessary performance to support critical functions like real-time processing and high-speed data handling. The integration of ASICs [...] concerns about time constraints, providing a high level of control over the communication process. Support for Complex Workflows Acyclic data transmission is well-suited for managing complex workflows or
ensuring reliable and structured communication within automated systems. www.hilscher.com Service & Support Glossary Telegram Telegrams in industrial communication Technical basics Advantages of telegram-based [...] Real-time and deterministic communication Many industrial protocols based on telegram communication support real-time and deterministic data exchange. This capability is essential for time-sensitive applications [...] Telegram-based protocols offer scalability to accommodate growing network sizes and complexity. They support various communication modes (cyclic, acyclic, isochronous) and network topologies, providing flexibility