System on Module

A System on a Module is essentially a compact, integrated circuit (IC) that combines a microcontroller or microprocessor with memory, power management, and sometimes other components necessary for a complete system. This integration facilitates the development of customized, high-performance industrial automation systems with reduced development time and increased reliability. 

It is a compact, self-contained computing platform that integrates essential components of a computer system into a single module. SoMs are designed to provide a scalable and flexible solution for embedded system development, allowing engineers to focus on application-specific functionalities rather than dealing with the complexities of hardware design. 

This technology is a transformative element in automation and industrial communication. It encapsulates the core computing capabilities required for advanced automation in a compact, flexible, and easily integrable package. SoMs enable the development of sophisticated, connected, and efficient industrial systems that can adapt to the dynamic demands of modern industrial environments. With their ability to support various communication protocols and integrate with PLCs, HMIs SCADA systems, and I/O modules, SoMs are instrumental in driving innovation and productivity in the industrial sector. 

SoMs offer a compact, integrated design that simplifies the development process and reduces costs, making them ideal for a wide range of applications, as follow:  

The main differences between a System-on-Chip (SoC) and a System-on-Module (SoM) lie in their integration approach, flexibility, and application context. 

An SoC integrates essential electronic components such as a central processing unit (CPU), memory, input/output interfaces, and often peripheral units like GPUs and wireless communication modules, all within a single microchip. This high level of integration leads to a compact, power-efficient design. However, this compactness limits design flexibility. Changes or upgrades often require a complete redesign of the chip. 

In contrast, an SoM is a miniature circuit board that encapsulates all key components of a computing system on a PCB, including the CPU, memory, and communication interfaces. This modular approach allows for greater design flexibility and scalability, enabling seamless upgrades and customization without extensive redesigns. SoMs are particularly beneficial in industrial automation, medical devices, and IoT applications, where rapid development and adaptability are crucial. 

In essence, while SoCs offer efficiency and compactness suitable for mass-produced consumer devices, SoMs provide flexibility and scalability essential for customized, evolving hardware solutions. 

Hilscher's netX communication controllers serve as central components in their range of industrial communication products. These chips are classified as System-on-Chip (SoC) solutions, specifically designed to facilitate flexible and integrated communication in complex industrial environments. Unlike Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), which are designed for a particular application or protocol, netX chips support a broad range of industrial network standards through reloadable protocol firmware. This flexibility not only simplifies the integration of various industrial devices but also enables cost-effective updates and upgrades, eliminating the need to redesign hardware for compatibility with different communication standards. 

Furthermore, by using netX technology, vendors of automation technologies can address a wide array of applications. The chips can be embedded in human-machine interfaces, vision systems, industrial PCs, field devices, and encoders to facilitate network connectivity and data exchange. netX controllers are also engineered to operate in harsh environments. Thus, the integration benefits extend beyond hardware. netX technology offers a unified API for ease of use across different industrial protocols, supported by a comprehensive ecosystem of engineering tools and software packages. Based on its netX SoCs, Hilscher also offers a range of embedded modules and PC cards that require less integration effort. 

In terms of security, the netX 90 and future chip generations include comprehensive on-chip security features. These capabilities address potential vulnerabilities by implementing secure boot processes, data encryption, authentication mechanisms, and internal integrity monitoring. The chips are built to support security levels up to IEC 62443 Security Level 2, making them suitable for critical industrial applications where secure communication is paramount.